#19297
ﺩﺪﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺪﺣﺄﻛ ﺔﻴﻧﺍﺮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻳﺮﺨﻠﻟ ﺔﻣﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻠﻟ
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻳ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﻴﺜﻜﺑ ﺮﺛﺄﺘﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺪﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻫﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗﻭ ﻥﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍﻭ. ﺮﺒﺘﻌﺗﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻮﻄﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﺐﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﻙﺮﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍ.ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺰﺋﺎﻛﺭ ﻯﺪﺣﺇ.ﻁﺎﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﺗ ﻢﻟ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺤﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻳ ﻥﺍﻭ ﺪﺑﻻ ﺮﺧﺃ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻁﺎﺸﻧ ﻯﺃ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﻴﺳ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻁﺎﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻥﺎﻛ ءﺍﻮﺳ. (ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻟﺍ –ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ )ﻞﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳ ﻥﺍﺮﻤﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻴﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺑﻻ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺎﻓ ﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻳ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﺠﻳﻭ ﺎﻫﺪﺟﺍﻮﺗﻭ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﺸﻧﺇ. ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﻩﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﻣﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﻮﻣﻷﺍ ﺱﻭﺅﺭ ﻭ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺹﺮﻓ ﺮﻓﻮﺗ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻟ ﺪﺑﻻ ﻥﺍﺮﻤﻌﻟﺍ… ﻩﺍﺮﻨﺳ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻫﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ.ﻲﻓ ﻥﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻖﻴﺴﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﺤﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺗﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟ ﺎﻨﻤﻬﻓ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻂﺑﺮﺗ ﻰﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ. ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻟﺫﻭGISﺮﻓﻮﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﺿﺍﺮﻌﺘﺳﺍﻭ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ ﺔﻣﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﺗﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻄﻳﺮﺨﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻔﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﻪﻟﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﻧﺍﺮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ.
Salem, Ahmed. OICC (2001). (Arabic) Articles>Human Computer Interaction>Usability
#21111
Jess McMullin, a Usability Analyst at Cognissa, and a long time reader of WebWord, wrote me a lettera couple of days ago. His basic complaint was that I don't give my readers enough credit. I'm pretty sure that he feels offended that I have called my readers a bunch of 'freeloaders'. What does that mean and what is freeloading?
Rhodes, John S. WebWord (2001). Articles>Publishing>Online
#13100
The Academy/Industry Binary: The Effect of Distance Education on the Debate 
The academy/industry debate usually centers on whether instruction should be education-based or experience-based, and on whether instructors should have more academic or industrial experience. Distance education can change both of these debates, lessening the difference between the workplace and the academy. The academy can be relocated within the workplace through dedicated classrooms and online courses performed on workplace computers, and by making classes asynchronous so that practitioners can fit them into their structured schedules. The debate over instructor training is changed because of the additional industry-based expertise needed to produce a distance education class and because distance education technology facilitates participation of practitioners.
Eaton, Angela. STC Proceedings (2001). Presentations>Education>Industry and Academy
#10126
The next time you open a Web browser, try this: don’t use your mouse. Use your keyboard to navigate through your favorite site. You may very well find that keyboard navigation is not at all straightforward. On Yahoo.com, for example, you must press the Tab key over 75 times to get to all the options on the home page, and you must press the Tab key 10 times just to get to the main Search frame. Many sites, such as those that extensively use Macromedia Flash, aren’t accessible using the keyboard at all. The problems described here are problems of accessibility. In some cases, relatively minor changes can make the difference between an information design that can be used by anyone and a design that excludes people with certain disabilities – or preferences.
Birge, Colin. EServer (2001). Design>Accessibility>Web Design
#19221
Accessibility on the Web: A Brief Overview
In order to make your website as accessible as possible, not only to users with disabilities, but also to those with slow connections, or different browsers or operating systems, the best guidelines to follow are those offered by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Web Accessibility Initiative.
McCarthy, Dave. TechDis (2001). Design>Web Design>Accessibility
#20243
Accessibility: The Politics of Design
Herrell deconstructs the new U.S. accessibility regulations and their implications for web designers everywhere. Part of our ongoing series on accessibility in web design.
Herrell, Alan. List Apart, A (2001). Design>Accessibility>Web Design
#23004
We encourage developers of web pages to consider the full spectrum of visitors to their sites. Listed below are some resources that may be helpful in creating pages that are accessible to everyone, including those who have disabilities.
University of Washington-Seattle (2001). Design>Web Design>Accessibility
#19223
Accessing Maths and Stats by Other Means
Historically, it has been the work of talented individuals to produce solutions for those with a variety of disabilities who are working and studying in the field of Mathematics and Statistics. Reading graphs from a screen or paper when blind is a challenge, and coping with complex statistics causes many dyslexic students to blanch. However, there are ways of managing independently and it is often through the use of assistive technology that problems are solved and equal access is maintained.
Draffan, E.A. TechDis (2001). Articles>Accessibility>Statistics
#18441
Accommodating Mobility Impaired Users on the Web
Worldwide, there are more than 750 million people with disabilities and this number is increasing. It is critical that the Web be usable by anyone, regardless of individual capabilities and disabilities since the World Wide Web is supposed to be a place where everyone has the ability to find information or shop. Website designers should be sure that the web pages can be accessible by everyone no matter who or where. Accessibility, a category of usability, is a software product's ability to be used by people with disabilities, such as motion impairment.
Deng, Yu. Universal Usability (2001). Articles>Usability>Accessibility
#24673
Accountable Assessment in the Age of Digital Labor 
Entrepreneurship is THE economic mode of the digital age and entrepreneurship is defined by risk. Students who will become workers must be comfortable, even engaged by, risk-taking.
Glaros, Michelle. Kairos (2001). Articles>Education>Assessment>Online
#19901
Achieving Success with Intranet-Based Online Documentation 
To key to achieving a successful online documentation implementation on the intranet is to understand that the resulting system is indeed a 'system.' The need for well-written, formatted and structured documents is necessary but the interactive framework in which those documents exist is equally important. It is crucial to understand the role of each individual involved in the system from Reader to Author and I.T. provider.
Frost, Edward D.J. STC Proceedings (2001). Design>Documentation>Intranets>Web Design
#19143
ACM’s Computing Professionals Face New Challenges 
The ACM community is in a position to take a leadership role in responding to the challenges brought by last fall’s terror attacks. Some of us have already been contacted to contribute to designs for improving security at airports, verifying identity at check-in, or redesigning cockpits to give more options to pilots and ground controllers. Others will be asked to redesign systems that trace financial transactions across international borders or examine email patterns among loosely affiliated groups. These efforts win the broadest support when our decisions about how to pursue safety and security are coupled with a strong defense of civil liberties and privacy.
Shneiderman, Ben. University of Maryland (2001). Articles>TC>Professionalism
#18320
Active Table-of-Contents Control for Content Navigation and Customization
This report illustrates the design of a novel user interface feature to provide simple and rapid navigation and user customization of the contents of a complex, multipart document. Within a performancesupport application for classroom teachers, the objective was to provide an efficient and instantly learnable scheme for direct user control over the parts to be included in the document as well as quick access to any part of the document. The design relies on the techniques of instructive interaction, an innovative approach for making user interfaces self-teaching even when they incorporate novel or non-standard features.
Constantine, Larry L. and Lucy A.D. Lockwood. Foruse.com (2001). Articles>Usability>User Interface
#11885
Adaptive Web Sites: An Introduction
Broadly marketed Web sites face an increasingly diverse and demanding audience. Each visitor may be searching for something different, and each may have unique needs or concerns. Traditional, 'static' Web sites can try to serve these diverse users by aiming at generalized types of user. However, generalizing the audience may cause an information designer to overlook users who do not quite fit in a category. A more effective way to reach diverse audiences might be adaptive Web sites that customize content and interface to suit each individual. This paper will discuss basic concepts behind adaptive Web sites using Amazon.com, the Internet bookseller, as an example.
Wei, Carolyn. EServer (2001). Design>Web Design>Personalization
#23083
A nice feature in Acrobat is the ability to 'name' or label pages with meaningful descriptions rather than just page numbers. This can be very useful if your PDF document contains in introduction section and is then split into sections or has specific chapter numbers. By adding Page Labels to a page or even a range of pages you instantly get to that section by typing it's name in the Page Number box at the bottom of the screen (on the status bar).
Wraight, Dave. PlanetPDF (2001). Design>Document Design>Software>Adobe Acrobat
#18647
You've applied and interviewed for a position, but you don't get it because you don't have a particular skill set that the employer needs. You want to learn a new tool, but the software is expensive and you can't afford to spend a lot of money on software at this time. Do either of these scenarios sound familiar to you? If they do, you have some options for learning new tools and can add to your portfolio at the same time.This article looks at the options that you have for learning software -- teaching yourself, taking classes, volunteering, and on-the-job training.
Puffer, Paula. STC Northeast Ohio (2001). Articles>Education>Software>Volunteering
#14681
Wallia reviews the latest Adobe Web-authoring software.
Wallia, C.J.S. Intercom (2001). Design>Web Design>Software>Adobe GoLive
#14731
Wallia reviews the latest version of Adobe's desktop publishing software.
Wallia, C.J.S. Intercom (2001). Design>Document Design>Software>Adobe PageMaker
#27862
HTML is made up of a great many elements, a lot of which are overlooked, forgotten or just unknown to many web designers. Although with a basic knowledge of HTML you can develop a website, to take advantage of many of the advanced features, and to make pages fully compatible, it is useful to learn these less popular tags.
Gowans, David. Free Webmaster Help (2001). Design>Web Design>HTML
#18428
There are several facts of contemporary business or technical communication that are now nearly universal: the acts of writing or managing any project occur in group settings; directions from employers are goal-oriented and the responsibility for development is left to a team (usually either external or internal to the assigning agency); organizations possess and frequently reassess corporate personae; and communication occurs with multiple audiences, with varying levels of knowledge. The purpose of this course is to give you practice in all of these skills. In addition, I intend to explore at length an issue far too rarely considered today: the ethical considerations of business and technical communication. For all these reasons, the design and specific requirements of the course are unusually (and, you should note, very intentionally) ambiguous. Given some goal, and composition into small teams of four to five people each, you will design and implement your own instruction in technical writing. Operating under certain requirements, constraints, and limitations, groups will propose, design, test, and recommend a specific solution to a particular need. I will base evaluation upon a percentage that reflects how well the groups (and individuals in them) achieve set criteria.
Maddux, Clark. Michigan State University (2001). Academic>Courses>Writing>Technical Writing
#19956
Technical writers have known for years that a good explanation for a bad software interface may be better than nothing, but that it’s not as good as a usable software interface. With ‘usability' gaining greater visibility, this is a good time to implement a usercentered design process. This article looks at ways that the approach and techniques of such a process can be applied to the task of introducing a new process.
Quesenbery, Whitney. STC Proceedings (2001). Design>User Centered Design>Usability
#29302
Adventures with OpenOffice and XML
In addition to being open source, saving as XML makes OpenOffice truly open. Aside from being open source, XML's self-documenting nature allows us to dive into the document format without having to dive into C++. And more significantly, XML allows us to use simple, free tools to manipulate the documents themselves. In this article we will examine the structure of the format.
Sergeant, Matt. XML.com (2001). Articles>Software>Word Processing>OpenOffice
#10877
Advice about Technical Writing
Technical writing doesn't always mean 'computers.' Many companies hire technical writers to document policies and procedures for auditors. This means you would actually sit with someone and write down the steps they follow to do a function. Technical writers must be excellent communicators. Verbal and written skills must be of the highest caliber. A technical writer must be methodical, organized, and succinct.
Taylor, Vicki M. Suite101 (2001). Careers>Advice>Writing>Technical Writing
#23411
AECMA 1000D - Goal and Reality
The contribution deals with the transposition of projects on the basis of the AECMA-1000D-specification. The author explains problems which exist outside aeronautics with the application of this specification.
Just, Stefan. TC-FORUM (2001). Articles>Documentation>Standards
#10285
Aesthetic Experience and the Importance of Visual Composition
When considering the design of information and information structures, the focus tends to gravitate to general issues of content, information hierarchies, and in some instances, system usability. In discussions concerning system usability and human factors, the issue of the user experience, or overall aesthetic experience, with regard to a specific information structure is rarely addressed. Things such as the 'look and feel' of a website, for example, may get some attention by the designers and developers of the information structure, but the idea of 'look and feel' is essentially an issue of how to 'decorate' the information. Too often, when software developers or usability engineers discuss 'look and feel,' they do not consider it to be an integral part of the information design structure but an additive element applied only after the structure and content of the information have been resolved. What seems to be lacking in information design is a concern for the visual composition of information.
Greenzweig, Tim. Orange Journal, The (2001). Design>Web Design>Rhetoric>Visual Rhetoric