Typography is the study and process of typefaces; how to select, size, arrange, and use them in general. Traditionally, typography was the use of metal types with raised letterforms that were inked and then pressed onto paper. In modern terms, typography today also includes computer display and output.
#26692
The Abductive Inference: An Effective Tool for Science Communication
Suggests that the interrelated skills of understanding and representing (re-presenting) the abductive inference (often neglected in technical and professional communication pedagogy) are critical for the scientific communicator vis-a -vis kairos, and that science communication instructors ought to develop a pedagogy that includes the instruction of this skill.
Graham, S. Scott. Orange Journal, The (2005). Articles>Scientific Communication>Rhetoric
#26501
How could four letters strike such fear in the hearts of normally stalwart faculty? Why would administrators loathe the mere mention of the word 'accreditation'? The source of their fear and frustration is a cycle of evaluation, assessment, and reporting that constitutes a six-year accreditation period.
Williams, Julia M. IEEE PCS (2006). Articles>Education>Academic>Engineering
#21111
Jess McMullin, a Usability Analyst at Cognissa, and a long time reader of WebWord, wrote me a lettera couple of days ago. His basic complaint was that I don't give my readers enough credit. I'm pretty sure that he feels offended that I have called my readers a bunch of 'freeloaders'. What does that mean and what is freeloading?
Rhodes, John S. WebWord (2001). Articles>Publishing>Online
#20624
"About Us" -- Presenting Information About an Organization on Its Website
Study participants searched websites for background information ranging from company history to management biographies and contact details. Their success rate was 70%, leaving much room for usability improvements in the 'About Us' designs.
Nielsen, Jakob. Alertbox (2003). Articles>Web Design>Usability>Writing
#26278
Excellent answers to burning questions about who, what, where and why of writing ... even if you're not a writer to begin with.
Green, Chuck. Creative Latitude (2005). Articles>Writing
#28628
Absence May Make the Heart Grow Fonder, But...
The adage 'absence makes the heart grow fonder' may hold true. Many people in long-distance relationships say that the being away from their partner makes the time they are together special; every day they are together is like Valentine's Day. The absence, they say, helps them to appreciate their partner more and makes the relationship stronger. In fact, people in long-distance relationships tend to maintain their relationships longer, be less likely to break up, and be more in love and satisfied than people in geographically close relationships. Long-distance partners think fond thoughts and some even report they enjoy the anticipation of the reunion and the excitement of being together. People in long-distance relationships tend to be more idealized and romanticized.
Stafford, Laura. Communication Currents (2007). Articles>Communication
#29944
Ever wonder about that mysterious Content-Type tag? You know, the one you're supposed to put in HTML and you never quite know what it should be? I've been dismayed to discover just how many software developers aren't really completely up to speed on the mysterious world of character sets, encodings, Unicode, all that stuff.
Spolsky, Joel. Joel on Software (2003). Articles>Language>Standards>Unicode
#28065
Before there were presentations, there were conversations, which were a little like presentations but used fewer bullet points, and no one had to dim the lights. A woman we can call Sarah Wyndham, a defense-industry consultant living in Alexandria, Virginia, recently began to feel that her two daughters weren't listening when she asked them to clean their bedrooms and do their chores. So, one morning, she sat down at her computer, opened Microsoft's PowerPoint program, and used it.
Parker, Ian. Ohio State University, The. Articles>Presentations>Software>Microsoft PowerPoint
#27779
The Abstract Trap: Why Abstracts Are Bad for Persuasive White Papers
Abstracts, also known as executive summaries, are bad. As a matter of fact, they are really bad, and I stand nearly alone in my opinion. Abstracts are those summaries that typically stand in front of the core content of a white paper. They tend to include the key points about the white paper.
Stelzner, Michael A. WhitePaperSource (2006). Articles>Writing>Rhetoric>White Papers
#28275
Abstraction: Making the Complex Easier to Understand 
How can we make difficult concepts easier to grasp? Hart explores abstraction and how it can be used to clarify both simple and complex ideas.
Hart, Geoffrey J.S. Intercom (2006). Articles>TC>Rhetoric
#20216
An abstract is a short statement -- generally fewer than 150 words -- of the contents of a report, paper or other document. Few scientists, engineers, or managers have the time to read every paper that comes their way; they depend on the abstract. A well-written abstract is the best of way of making sure your vitally-important report reaches the right people.
#21217
The Academe-Industry Partnership: What's In It For All of Us? 
I'm always puzzled by the misunderstanding, distrust, and sometimes downright animosity between academic and practitioner members of the technical communication family. At its extremes, this attitude manifests itself in practitioners who consider research and theory to be ivory tower games with no relevance to their practice, and in professors who regard practitioners as ignorant anti-intellectuals. The vast majority of us, of course, would never admit to being either academic snobs or practitioner rednecks, but many of us evidence less extreme vestiges of these biases.
Hayhoe, George F. Technical Communication Online (1998). Articles>Collaboration>TC
#19268
Academe/Industry Relationships: Balancing Academic Principles and Marketplace Demands
Recognizing that theory is of value only if it can be applied, academics must envision the world beyond the classroom and prepare students to compete in a market-driven world. Practicing professionals must be willing to share their expertise and their technology with academic programs and must work to strengthen connections with the academy. Advisory boards, mentoring programs, internships and fellowships for faculty and practitioners as well as for students, team teaching, guest lecturing, distance learning, and collaborative research projects– these are but a few of the ways to bridge the gap between and industry, thereby improving the education of future technical communicators and advancing the profession.
Sutliff, Kristene. STC Proceedings (2000). Articles>Collaboration>Industry and Academy
#10397
Academic Programs in Information Design: The Bentley College Approach
The focus of Bentley College's information design programs is the user, addressing universal behaviors (human factors) and task-related behaviors (goal-driven needs). All too often in the past, professional communicators have rushed to design external information products (books, illustrations, online help systems, and the like) to support the information requirements of a system. Increasingly, however, solutions are found much deeper in the system design, a concept we call knowledge-infused design.
Gribbons, William M. Technical Communication Online (2000). Articles>Education>Information Design
#22985
An Academic Strikes Back: Transgressing the Genre of Bureaucracy
The rhetorical event described in this article shows that the rhetor can introduce an alien genre into a community of practice and createa kairotic moment.
Tachino, Tosh. Newsletter of the CASLL (2003). Articles>Language>Rhetoric
#18616
Academic Writing: Scientific Reports
This handout describes an organizational structure commonly used to report experimental research in many scientific disciplines, the IMRAD format: Introduction, Methods, Results, And Discussion. (This format is usually not used in reports describing other kinds of research, such as field or case studies, in which headings are more likely to differ according to discipline.) Although the main headings are standard for many scientific fields, details may vary; check with your instructor, or, if submitting an article to a journal, refer to the instructions to authors.
University of Wisconsin (2003). Articles>Scientific Communication>Reports
#24208
Academic/Industry Relationships: A Challenge for Both Sides
Emerging technologies create new challenges for academicians and practitioners alike. The two groups must have mutual respect and must strive for balance between academic principles and marketplace demands. Through shadowing, mentoring, internship programs (for faculty and practitioners as well as for students), collaborative research projects, and other means we can begin to share expertise and technology that will help bridge the gap between academe and industry.
Sutliff, Kristene. STC Proceedings (1999). Articles>Collaboration>Industry and Academy
#10318
Accentuate the Negative: Obtaining Effective Reviews Through Focused Questions
How you ask a question strongly determines the type of answer that you will obtain. For effective documentation reviews, whether they are conducted internally or externally as part of usability testing, it's important to use precise questions that will provide concrete information on which to base revisions. This paper proposes an approach to obtaining useful feedback that emphasizes negative, 'what did we do wrong?' questions. This approach focuses limited resources on areas that need improvement rather than areas that already work well and that don't require immediate improvement.
Hart, Geoffrey J.S. Technical Communication Online (1997). Articles>Usability>Methods>Testing
#21452
Accentuation in Technical Illustration
There are various ways to accentuate a specific part in its installation position. However in order to keep the printing cost as low as possible, it is recommended to opt for stylistic devices that are all in black and white.
ITEDO Software. Articles>Graphic Design>Technical Illustration>Color
#20454
Accepting Roles Created for Us: The Ethics of Reciprocity
Grounded in theories of feminist research practices and in two empirical studies we conducted separately, our argument is that seeing reciprocity as a context-based process of definition and re-definition of the relationship between participants and researcher helps us understand how research projects can benefit participants in ways that they desire.
Powell, Katrina M. and Pamela Takayoshi. CCC (2003). Articles>Workplace>Ethnographies>Gender
#25373
Access a MySQL Database Behind Firewalls with the LibMyWitch Control
Till now there was no efficient way to embed the access to the MySQL database into a VB application.
Richter, Dirk. VBMySQL.com (2004). Articles>Information Design>Databases>SQL
#18597
Access to Current and Next-Generation Information Systems by People with Disabilities
The purpose of this document is to provide information and resources for those interested in learning more about accessibility issues and current and next-generation information systems. The current focus of this document is on the National Information Infrastructure (NII), sometimes known as the 'information superhighway.' This document contains both information presented at a very introductory level and information which is more technical in nature. Wherever possible, all of the technical discussions are broken out and presented separately, so that readers may course through the material at a level which is comfortable to them, and which meets their information needs. This is a living document which will be continually revised and added to as more information is collected and as the efforts in the area of research, development, and public policy continue to evolve. The most recent form of this document can be found on the Internet via our ftp, gopher, or WWW servers. All of these are located at: trace.wisc.edu The document can be viewed on-line or downloaded in one of several forms to facilitate accessibility.
University of Wisconsin. Articles>Editing>Accessibility>Usability
#26089
Over the last couple of years the electronic and IT industry have had to start seriously considering the accessibility of their products and services. This is due to recent developments regarding Federal legislation, specifically Section 508. This article provides an overview of the legislation and includes a case study showing how a Voluntary Product Accessibility Template is applied in practice.
System Concepts (2005). Articles>Accessibility>Standards>Section 508
#26821
Accessibility and Usability for All
An article discussing how the needs of all users must be addressed, including the varying level of computer literacy and competence. It is conjectured that building sites which address the specific needs of these audiences will benefit the general public as a whole.
Nevett, Fraser. Mercurytide (2006). Articles>Accessibility>Usability
#25088
An Accessibility Frontier: Cognitive Disabilities and Learning Difficulties
With this paper... we are primarily concerned with the problems people with cognitive and learning difficulties might have when using the web and offering a few practical suggestions on how these problems might be addressed.
Hudson, Roger, Russ Weakley and Peter Firminger. Usability.com.au (2005). Articles>Web Design>Accessibility>Cognitive Psychology
