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51. #25097 Accessibility from the Ground Up This accessibility thing sure is catching on. And it’s ready for prime time. Yes, Web accessibility is growing up. May, Matt. Digital Web Magazine (2005). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 52. #25088 An Accessibility Frontier: Cognitive Disabilities and Learning Difficulties With this paper... we are primarily concerned with the problems people with cognitive and learning difficulties might have when using the web and offering a few practical suggestions on how these problems might be addressed. Hudson, Roger, Russ Weakley and Peter Firminger. Usability.com.au (2005). Articles>Web Design>Accessibility>Cognitive Psychology 53. #26675 The Accessibility Hat Trick: Getting Abbreviations Right AAA-level compliance is the ideal of accessibility, the bonus-round of accessible design: AAA-level compliant pages meet the needs of every group of users. AAA is achievable, but requires preparation and forethought. Lieberman, Colin. List Apart, A (2006). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 54. #24752 Accessibility Humanized: A User-Centred Approach to Web Accessibility Most web developers act in blindness when they design accessible websites, since they know next to nothing about disabled people and the technology they use. Accessibility guidelines and validation tools doesn't provide this insight. Accessibility should rather be approached from a user centred perspective. Olsen, Henrik. GUUUI (2004). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>User Centered Design 55. #10126 The next time you open a Web browser, try this: don’t use your mouse. Use your keyboard to navigate through your favorite site. You may very well find that keyboard navigation is not at all straightforward. On Yahoo.com, for example, you must press the Tab key over 75 times to get to all the options on the home page, and you must press the Tab key 10 times just to get to the main Search frame. Many sites, such as those that extensively use Macromedia Flash, aren’t accessible using the keyboard at all. The problems described here are problems of accessibility. In some cases, relatively minor changes can make the difference between an information design that can be used by anyone and a design that excludes people with certain disabilities – or preferences. Birge, Colin. EServer (2001). Design>Accessibility>Web Design 56. #26626 A strict focus on accessibility as a scorecard item doesn't help users with disabilities. To help these users accomplish critical tasks, you must adopt a usability perspective. Nielsen, Jakob. Alertbox (2005). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>Usability 57. #22942 Accessibility Links and Resources An annotated collection of dozens of online resources in web accessibilty. 58. #26788 Accessibility of AJAX Applications AJAX is a smorgasbord of web technologies put together to allow dynamic client-server interactions to occur in web applications without requiring pages to reload or refresh. AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScript And XML. AJAX itself is not a technology--it is a combination of technologies used in a certain way. WebAIM (2006). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>Ajax 59. #22974 Accessibility of the Internet in Postsecondary Education: Meeting the Challenge This article explores the many-faceted nuances of the challenge of trying to make Web content accessible in higher education. It includes an analysis of the seriousness of the problems that students face as well as an optimistic vision for the future. Rowland, Cyndi. WebAIM (2000). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 60. #22939 Accessibility of UK Government Web Sites Investigated The UK’s first e-Minister, Patricia Hewitt, gave a commitment in February 2001 that all new government websites should be accessible. Two years later, UK government sites are a long way from being accessible. Accessify (2003). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>United Kingdom 61. #22946 It pains me to say that pretty much any computer user with a relevant disability ought to be using Windows, not a Mac. Clark, Joe. Tidbits (2002). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>Macintosh 62. #19221 Accessibility on the Web: A Brief Overview In order to make your website as accessible as possible, not only to users with disabilities, but also to those with slow connections, or different browsers or operating systems, the best guidelines to follow are those offered by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Web Accessibility Initiative. McCarthy, Dave. TechDis (2001). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 63. #29733 Accessibility or Design Integrity This paper presents two sides of a debate over user-controlled text sizing of Web-based documents, and a suggested approach for designing Web sites that support full use of user-controlled text sizing, while maintaining the integrity of a site’s visual design. Payne, John and Phil Oye. STC Proceedings (2004). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 64. #22934 Accessibility Testing on a Budget How do you find out how your site sounds? Without dipping in to the wallet, here are some suggestions about how you can test your pages. Accessify (2003). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>Visual 65. #20243 Accessibility: The Politics of Design Herrell deconstructs the new U.S. accessibility regulations and their implications for web designers everywhere. Part of our ongoing series on accessibility in web design. Herrell, Alan. List Apart, A (2001). Design>Accessibility>Web Design 66. #22327 Developers put a lot of effort into ensuring their sites can be viewed in outdated browsers, but all too often ignore newer browsers, or worse still, a whole range of visitors. Accessibility means access to information for all. Information to all, regardless of the device used to view the document, or abilities of the visitor. You're extremely proud of your latest masterpiece. The choice of colours is striking, the layout fits perfectly on your screen, but how does it look on a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)? How does it look to a colour-blind visitor? Does it read correctly using assistive technologies, such as screen reading software? Can a visitor navigate the site without the use of a mouse? Is the site usable when JavaScript and images are switched off in the browser? Lemon, Gez. Juicy Studio. Design>Web Design>Accessibility>JavaScript 67. #22941 A collection of tutorials to help web designers understand accessibility issues. 68. #22473 This page shows the user a view of how people with various visual disabilities would experience a website. Includes colour blindness, Diabetic Retinothopy, Cataracts, Macular degeneration and Glaucoma. Aylward, Rhona. Alpha Squared (2004). Resources>Web Design>Accessibility 69. #13545 Accessibility, Web Standards, and Authoring Tools It's been a long trip, but we’re almost out of the dark. We finally have browsers that offer substantial support for several technologies established by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and other standards bodies. Designers and developers can use many core features of XHTML and CSS and sometimes DHTML without worrying about the hazards of cross–browser chicanery. As browsers have evolved, it’s become easier to comply with the W3C’s Web Accessibility initiative (WAI) and, in the United States, with the amendments to Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1974 (commonly called “Section 508”). Schmitt, Christopher. List Apart, A (2002). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>Standards 70. #22398 Accessible And Attractive Websites And, as a result, selling the concept is never all that easy. Sure, you can harp on about all the 'business benefits' (potential increased audienced, reduced bandwidth costs, good PR), but what you really need to be able to do is show that it's possible to do this without compromising on the design. That's often where the problems begin. Lloyd, Ian. SitePoint (2003). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 71. #20856 Accessible Design for Users With Disabilities Making the Web more accessible for users with various disabilities is to a great extent a matter of using HTML the way it was intended: to encode meaning rather than appearance. As long as a page is coded for meaning, it is possible for alternative browsers to present that meaning in ways that are optimized for the abilities of individual users and thus facilitate the use of the Web by disabled users. Nielsen, Jakob. Alertbox (1996). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 72. #26154 Accessible Graphs and Charts Online Most government web writers are knowledgeable about alt-text by now... or at least semi-knowledgeable. But sometimes, alt-text is not enough. McAlpine, Rachel. Quality Web Content (2004). Design>Accessibility>Web Design>Charts and Graphs 73. #22957 An Accessible Method of Hiding HTML Content Though somewhat rare, there are occasions when the accessibility needs of screen reader users appear to be at odds with the needs of visual users. This kind of conflict occurs when Web developers put form elements inside of a data table matrix, when they want to use images as headings instead of text, and in other situations. Adding extra text helps screen reader users, but can complicate the visual layout, thus reducing understandability. One solution is to use CSS to hide the text from sighted users in a way that is still accessible to screen readers. The details of this technique are discussed, along with the technical reasoning behind it. Bohman, Paul. WebAIM (2002). Design>Web Design>Accessibility 74. #25503 Sometimes we have to use pop-ups — so we might as well do them right. This article will show you how to make them more accessible and reliable while simplifying their implementation. Chassot, Caio. List Apart, A (2004). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>CSS 75. #26648 There is no question that the vast majority of tables on the Web are layout tables, used to structure the visual appearance of the page. Often the structure of tables is remarkably complex, with tables nested in tables as much as seven deep. Thatcher, Jim. JimThatcher.com (2005). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>HTML
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