Helping Businesses Evaluate Their Internet Presence  

To ensure that their Web sites are conveying the intended image, a growing list of businesses, including Avis Rent A Car System, McDonald's, Staples and Holiday Inn, are turning to companies that test usability and brand opinion for help. These companies conduct surveys and focus groups and even use high-technology eye-tracking devices to uncover how customers use a Web site and how their experiences affect feelings about the parent company.

Bannan, Karen. New York Times, The (2002). Design>Usability>Assessment>Eye Tracking

Heuristic Evaluation - a Step By Step Guide

Evaluation and testing is an important part of your website development process. Usability tests gather data about the usability of your site by a group of users performing specific tasks.

Danino, Nicky. SitePoint (2001). Articles>Usability>Methods>Assessment

Heuristic Evaluation Quality Score (HEQS): A Measure of Heuristic Evaluation Skills  

Heuristic Evaluation is a discount usability engineering method involving three or more evaluators who evaluate the compliance of an interface based on a set of heuristics. Because the quality of the evaluation is highly dependent on their skills, it is critical to measure these skills to ensure evaluations are of a certain standard. This study provides a framework to quantify heuristic evaluation skills. Quantification is based on the number of unique issues identified by the evaluators as well as the severity of each issue. Unique issues are categorized into eight user interface parameters and severity is categorized into three. A benchmark computed from the collated evaluations is used to compare skills across applications as well as within applications. The result of this skill measurement divides the evaluators into levels of expertise. Two case studies illustrate the process, as well as its applications. Further studies will help define an expert's profile.

Kirmani, Shazeeye and Shamugam Rajasekaran. Journal of Usability Studies (2007). Articles>Usability>Assessment>Heuristic Evaluation

How C.R.A.P is Your Site Design?

Eons ago when I was taking the Freshman web design course in college (okay, it was only 4 years ago) I was taught about the acronym of all acronyms, the one by which all other web design acronyms were judged. We learned that good design is based on the C.R.A.P. principles where C.R.A.P. stands for Contrast Repetition Alignment Proximity, and when Creative Directors tell you that your design is crap, they’re actually giving you positive reinforcement. Okay, that last part was made up, sorry. “Crappy work” is probably not a term of endearment but rather an indication that your pixels smell.

Rundle, Mike. Vitamin (2008). Articles>Web Design>Assessment

How In-Process Measures Can Help You Manage Quality  

Some technical communicators see productivity and quality measurements as threatening when these measurements are used as an evaluation of the person, not the process or the product. Communicators can also be frustrated by the time and effort it takes to collect quality measurements with no visible result or improvement of their own work. This paper discusses how managers of technical communicators can develop and implement a system of in-process measurements to help technical communicators manage the process and improve their own final documentation before it is shipped to the customer, without being threatened by the measurement system.

Fisher, Lori H. STC Proceedings (1997). Articles>Writing>Assessment>Technical Writing

How Much is Enough? The Assessment of Student Work in Technical Communication Courses    

The information that follows is the text of the web-based survey described in 'How Much is Enough? The Assessment of Student Work in Technical Communication Courses,' TCQ Winter 2003.

Cargile Cook, Kelli. Technical Communication Quarterly (2001). Articles>Education>Assessment

How to Avoid Being Blinded By Your Own Design: Seeing the Forest for the Trees

If you design something for your company, organization or department, or help influence the direction of a design, it regularly can become very difficult for you to separate yourself from the design. And chances are, you are not even aware of it most of the time! This entry looks at why this seems to happen and what you can do about it (if anything at all).

Spillers, Frank. Demystifying Usability (2005). Design>Usability>Assessment

How to Determine Monthly Web Site Visitors

If you pay another business to host your Web site, give them a call. Tell them you want monthly traffic reports delivered to you each month.

Costello, Rick. STC Chicago (2003). Articles>Web Design>Assessment>Log Analysis

How to Judge a Website's Accessibility Level

Many web developers and administrators are conscious of the need to ensure that their web sites reach as high a level of accessibility as possible. But how do you actually find out whether a site has accessibility problems? Certainly, you can not assume that if no complaints have been received through the site feedback facility (assuming you have one), there are no problems. Many people affected by accessibility problems will just give up and go somewhere else. So you must be proactive in rooting out any problems as soon as possible. Fortunately, there are a number of handy ways to help you get an idea of the level of accessibility of the site, which do not require an in-depth understanding of web design or accessibility issues. It may be impractical to test every page, but try to make sure you check the Home page plus as many high traffic pages as possible.

Sloan, David. TechDis (2000). Design>Web Design>Accessibility>Assessment

How To Justify Conference Attendance

As a manager you may often be faced either with your own need to attend a professional conference or requests by your team members to attend one. Professional conferences can be expensive and not all budget managers understand their importance or the benefits derived by conference attendees. In this article, Mike Doyle discusses how to go about justifying the expense of attending a conference and provides some handy worksheets you can use to do so.

Doyle, Mike. Writing Assistance (2006). Articles>Management>Community Building>Assessment

How to Measure Web Site Effectiveness

Learn how to measure your Web site's effectiveness, justify the expense and prove ROI with precision.

Costello, Rick. STC Chicago (2003). Design>Web Design>Assessment

How to Set Specific Goals for Your Public Relations Campaign and Calculate Your Precise ROI

In today's world, advertising is just one element of the marketing formula. In fact, there is a shift occurring away from advertising to other marketing that's less costly and more cost-effective and efficient. In all your marketing efforts, your goal is to gain that top-of-mind awareness position with your prospect/customer. PR can do this. Advertising can do this once awareness is attained. PR gets you there; advertising keeps you there. Knowing the return of PR truly justifies it as an integral part of the marketing arsenal.

Lautenslager, Al. Communication World Bulletin (2003). Articles>Business Communication>Public Relations>Assessment

How to Use Five Letterforms to Gauge a Typeface's Personality: A Research-Driven Method    

Technical communicators need to select typefaces that match the tone that they intend for a document. Rather than relying on intuition or personal preference, technical communicators can use a research-driven approach to analyze objectively the extent to which a typeface's personality meshes with the intended tone of a document. This study describes how technical communicators can analyze a typeface's uppercase J and its lowercase a, g, e, and n letterforms--letterforms that are dense with anatomical information-- to gauge the extent to which a typeface will contribute a friendly or a professional personality to a document. Technical communicators--both professionals and students--who are armed with this knowledge can move beyond "safe" typefaces like Times New Roman and Helvetica, selecting instead typefaces whose anatomical features generate different kinds of personalities.

Mackiewicz, Jo M. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication (2005). Design>Typography>Assessment

Identifying Information Design Heuristics  

This paper identifies common problems faced by information designers and suggests a set of heuristics that could be used to evaluate information design. By examining reception and transmission errors, the paper explores the different channels available to the designer, the errors that can be introduced through those channels, and possible solutions that might mitigate or eliminate those errors.

Sukach, Rebecca. STC Proceedings (2002). Design>Information Design>Assessment

Identifying the Components of Your ROI

Identifying Return on Investment (ROI) for your content management business case begins with a thorough analysis. This article reviews the information you need to gather to identify ROI for an effective business case for content management.

Rockley, Ann. Rockley Bulletin (2004). Articles>Content Management>Assessment>Business Case

The Impact of Perceptions of Journal Quality on Business and Management Communication Academics    

This commentary describes and critiques criteria that, according to results from an Association for Business Communication (ABC) member survey, are having an impact on quality judgments about our journals. ABC members rank the Journal of Business Communication and Business Communication Quarterly as top research and pedagogical journals in business/management communication, a finding corroborated by a larger study of academics in business and technical communication. However, the growing importance of citation counts and journal rankings currently disadvantages our journals, presenting us with professional obligations and personal dilemmas in relation to them. The authors' purpose is to raise awareness of the various determinants of perceptions of journal quality, to explore the communal views of ABC members on this issue, and to seek ways of enhancing the value of business/management communication research in the academic marketplace.

Rogers, Priscilla S., Nittaya Campbell, Leena Louhiala-Salminen, Kathy Rent and Jim Suchan. JBC (2007). Articles>Publishing>Research>Assessment

The Impact of Student Learning Outcomes Assessment on Technical and Professional Communication Programs    

Because of accreditation, budget, and accountability pressures at the institutional and program levels, technical and professional communication faculty are more than ever involved in assessment-based activities. Using assessment to identify a program's strengths and weaknesses allows faculty to work toward continuous improvement based on their articulation of learning and behavioral goals and outcomes for their graduates. This article describes the processes of program assessment based on pedagogical goals, pointing out options and opportunities that will lead to a meaningful and manageable experience for technical communication faculty, and concludes with a view of how the larger academic body of technical communication programs can benefit from such work. As ATTW members take a careful look at the state of the profession from the academic perspective, we can use assessment to further direct our programs to meet professional expectations and, far more importantly, to help us meet the needs of the well-educated technical communicator.

Allen, Jo. Technical Communication Quarterly (2004). Articles>Education>Assessment>Technical Writing

Implementing Excellence  

Have you been exposed to one or more quality initiatives? Did this exposure leave you with strong but mixed emotional reactions? In a complex environment of organizational risk and change, how do we as communicators do the right thing the right way? Changes are so rapid that before one new vision of what’s right is fully implemented, it seems that another, even better vision comes in to take its place. By using a Japanese model for customer satisfaction, the product information quality initiatives at my company were implemented in three broad areas: quality assurance and control, quality performance and improvement, and quality excitement and planning.

Goodier, Katherine S. STC Proceedings (1993). Presentations>Collaboration>Assessment>Emotions

Improving Risk Communication

Technological risk and the process of explaining risks to the public have become major public issues. The mention of Bhopal or Love Canal can provoke emotional arguments--not only about the hazards themselves but also about how they were explained to the public. As new laws, the threat of AIDS, and other factors make risk communication more crucial, officials in government and industry are seeking guidelines on how to communicate effectively and responsibly. This volume offers an approach to better quality in risk communication. The combined insight of experts from government, business, and universities, Improving Risk Communication draws on the most current academic and practical information and analysis. Issues addressed include why risk communication has become more difficult in recent decades, what the major problems are, and how common misconceptions often hamper communication campaigns. Aimed especially at top decisionmakers in government and industry, the book emphasizes that solving the problems of risk communication is as much about improving procedures as improving the content of risk messages. Specific recommendations for change include a Risk Message Checklist and a call for developing a consumer's guide to risk. Appendixes provide additional details.

National Research Council Committee on Risk Perception and Communication. National Academies Press (1989). Books>Risk Communication>Assessment>Civic

Improving Your Reader's Content Forms  

For most organizations, Reader’s Comment Forms serve primarily as Reader’s Complaint Forms. Most of these forms typically ask readers to identify errors in the text, citing location of the error, describing the error, and suggesting a change. What a waste!

Carliner, Saul. Intercom (2003). Design>Web Design>Assessment>Usability

In Praise of Applause  

The author calls for a return to public recognition--rather than just a quick e-mail acknowledgment--of people's accomplishments. Legg presents the benefits of public celebration: It opens positive communication, builds self-esteem, inspires others, and shows and gains respect. She also deflates many of the perceived obstacles to public praise, and encourages readers to use their communication skills to acknowledge others.

Legg, Kathy A. Intercom (2000). Careers>Workplace>Assessment

Intertwining Structures of Assessment and Support: Assessing Programs-Advancing the Profession  

In my recent experience as an external assessor invited to participate in San Francisco State University's Technical Communication Program assessment, I felt that surely the process taught me more than I was able to provide in return.

Herrington, TyAnna K. CPTSC Proceedings (2003). Articles>Education>Assessment

Investing in a Website: Do You Know What's Important?

Knowing what to ask for is half the battle. Use this short quiz to test your knowledge of some basic issues involved in getting an effective website.

Bennaco (2004). Design>Web Design>Assessment