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1. #29273 Writers of English have choices. Most every word we commit to paper (or its electronic equivalent) has a synonym Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2007). Articles>Writing>Grammar>Tropes 2. #30080 Assembly Instructions for a Correct Sentence: The Sentence Diagram This workshop explores the whys and hows of sentence diagramming. Knowledge of the time-honored technique can aid editors, writers, and instructors in preventing and correcting pesky errors in sentence structure, including dangling modifiers, misplaced modifiers, and faulty parallelism. Diagramming offers the familiar look of technical drawings, the comforting feel of pencil on paper, and unmatched analytical potential. Jennings, Ann S. STC Proceedings (1999). Articles>Writing>Grammar 3. #13554 In our early writing years, many of us toiled under strict teachers who drilled the rules of English grammar into our collective consciousness. We sweated drops of blood on our pristine paper as we tried to craft perfect sentences for that much-desired 'A.' We prayed that we didn’t leave a word or clause misplaced or dangling for the teacher’s angry red pen to mark. Yet pick up a work of modern fiction, and you might notice that the writer has broken many of the rules that were drummed into our impressionable heads. These days, fiction often resembles the casual style of postmodern poetry, with sentence fragments and punctuation sprinkled about like seasoning. But in technical communication, we can’t be so casual. We must adhere to those rules of grammar our English teachers upheld— at least, for the most part. Gallagher, Jolie A. Intercom (2002). Articles>Writing>Grammar>Technical Writing 4. #20471 Have you been told, perhaps by your computerised grammar checker, that too many of your sentences are passive? Have you heard the rule of thumb that at least 80 percent of the sentences in any passage should be active? If you've had the problem or heard the rule, and wonder what the terms active and passive mean, and why one is good and the other frowned on, this article is for you. 5. #27339 Control the pace of the story by varying sentence length. Clark, Roy Peter. Poynter Online (2004). Articles>Writing>Grammar>Rhetoric 6. #28156 Dangling modifiers can be humorous for the reader, but humiliating for the writer. They're insidious, creeping into our prose and undermining our sentence structure. But they're easy to find if you know what to look for. Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2006). Articles>Writing>Grammar 7. #26151 You don't have to swallow a grammar book to write correctly. If you can just avoid ten serious and very common traps, your chances of making a grammar mistake drop dramatically. McAlpine, Rachel. Quality Web Content (2004). Articles>Writing>Grammar 8. #28157 If you write documentation for products that can be dangerous if misused, ambiguity is scarier than rush hour traffic on I-40. If you already know what the sentence means, it's difficult to perceive that it could be taken to mean something else. By stringently applying rules of grammar, you help eliminate potential ambiguity even when you don't perceive it. Technical content is difficult enough to navigate; give the reader a clear path so he can focus on the journey instead of the road. Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2006). Articles>Writing>Grammar 9. #30051 Technical communicators tend to be problem solvers. We ask ourselves, 'How can I make this better?' We don't want our instruction material to simply be serviceable; we want it to help make our readers' lives easier. One way we do that is by anticipating mistakes that users might make if they don't read carefully. We use various techniques to emphasize material that could otherwise be overlooked. Some effective means of drawing the reader's eye to important material are presented below. Note that this article doesn't address safety messages. For proper use of safety messages, consult your corporate guidelines and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2007). Articles>Writing>Grammar 10. #29377 Equal Time: Grammar and Composition: Myths and Realities Let's resist seduction by the mythologies of teaching and keep our grasp on the realities of learning. Kuykendall, Carol. English Journal, The (1975). Articles>Education>Writing>Grammar 11. #30358 When is a noun not a noun? When it's been verbed. A lot of verbing is going on, as you've probably noticed. In fact, it's happening so frequently that I think we'd better come up with a name for the part of speech produced by verbing a noun. Allison, Nancy. Boston Broadside (1989). Articles>Writing>Diction>Grammar 12. #27365 Everyone fears the long sentence. Editors fear it. Readers fear it. Most of all, writers fear it. Even I fear it. But... Clark, Roy Peter. Poynter Online (2004). Articles>Writing>Grammar>Rhetoric 13. #22691 Don't you think that it is a tragedy that 95 percent of the people who desire to be technical writers have a poor command over the language? I am sure all of us make a mistake or two, once in a while. But to make it in every sentence and paragraph shows utter disrespect for readers. Kamath, Gurudutt R. IT People (2003). Articles>Editing>Grammar>Technical Writing 14. #28161 The hyphen serves a single function. It joins things together: syllables of a word separated at the end of a line; two words used as a compound; or a modifier and the word it describes (when the combination itself is used as a modifier). But for the latter two functions, a hyphen isn't always needed. So how do you decide? Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2006). Articles>Writing>Grammar 15. #29794 When it comes to relative pronouns, incomplete knowledge may lead to frustration and confusion. The pronouns that, which, who, and what serve as relative pronouns when they introduce a relative (or subordinate) clause. Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2007). Articles>Writing>Diction>Grammar 16. #28635 When it comes to relative pronouns, incomplete knowledge may lead to frustration and confusion. The pronouns that, which, who, and what serve as relative pronouns when they introduce a relative (or subordinate) clause. Wenger, Andrea. Carolina Communique (2007). Articles>Writing>Grammar 17. #30338 I think it can be dangerous for a technical writer to be a grammar expert. DeGraw, Yvonne. Boston Broadside (1993). Articles>Writing>Technical Writing>Grammar 18. #30356 Nancy's Wordsmithy: Rules You Don't Have to Obey, Part III The funny thing is, this rule should be running out of steam, because certain standards of written English have changed in ways that make the rule at least partly obsolete. Learning it is kind of like learning to change a cloth ribbon on an old manual typewriter. Allison, Nancy. Boston Broadside (1989). Articles>Writing>Editing>Grammar 19. #29074 A New Look at Infinitives in Business and Technical Writing This article begins by arguing that the infinitive phrase has not been taken seriously in writing because writers have been too concerned with Bishop Robert Lowth's proscription against the split infinitive. However, careful examination of three types of technical prose (instructions, annual reports, and 'junk mail') reveals that more than one sentence in four contains an infinitive phrase. The article then argues that two linguistic theories do not adequately explain the overwhelming presence of infinitives in the three types of prose. The reason for the presence of infinitives seems to be that they fulfill several rhetorical purposes, including vigor, symmetry, emphasis, variety, economy, and depersonalization. Implications for writing and teaching are also discussed. Myers, Marshall. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication (2002). Articles>Writing>Grammar>Technical Writing 20. #26502 The suffix -able can be very useful in the English language because it helps us to express capability or worthiness. However, it's often bad form to pick any verb, slap -able on the end of it, and try to make a valid adjective. 21. #22687 One Hundred Simple Tech Writing Errors Here are the 100 writing errors that the author has encountered in his experience. (Followed by the subsequent article 'Ten More Errors in Technical Writing.') Kamath, Gurudutt R. IT People (2003). Articles>Editing>Grammar>Technical Writing 22. #18980 The Passive in Technical and Scientific Writing Almost every discussion of technical or scientific style mentions the passive voice, usually as a stylistic evil to avoid. While I doubt that many of us would endorse such extreme prescriptions as 'Always use the active voice,' or 'A writer will almost automatically improve his style when he shifts from passive to active constructions,' we may be more ready to accept Freedman's position in 'The Seven Sins of Technical Writing.' His Sin 6 is 'the Deadly Passive, or, better, deadening passive; it takes the life out of writing, making everything impersonal, eternal, remote and dead, but he adds that 'frequently, of course, the passive is not a sin and not deadly, for there simply is no active agent and the material must be put impersonally.' Rodman, Lilita. Cambridge Language Consultants (2001). Articles>Writing>Grammar 23. #30197 Passive Voice Is Redeemed For Web Headings Active voice is best for most Web content, but using passive voice can let you front-load important keywords in headings, blurbs, and lead sentences. This enhances scannability and thus SEO effectiveness. Nielsen, Jakob. Alertbox (2007). Articles>Web Design>Writing>Grammar 24. #27331 Place strong words at the beginning of sentences and paragraphs, and at the end. The period acts as a stop sign. Any word next to the period says, 'Look at me.' Clark, Roy Peter. Poynter Online (2004). Articles>Writing>Grammar>Rhetoric 25. #26276 Punctuation, Punctuation, Punctuation A light touch with punctuation has always made sense, whether you're scratching out a sonnet on velum with a quill pen, or texting a mate on your mobile. It's meant to enhance communication, not hinder it. Caborn, Anne. Creative Latitude (2005). Articles>Writing>Grammar
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