Developing Voice Interfaces for Legacy Web Applications
http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds10-1/developingvoiceinterfaces.html

Quiané, Jorge and Jorge Manjarrez
ACM Crossroads
2003

Abstract:

Traditionally, web applications are accessed via a single mode interface; information is presented and captured with text. However, one can additionally use a voice browser to navigate the Internet. One can navigate or access 'hands free' Internet applications from anywhere; you are not restricted to the desktop or a portable computer. VoiceXML is a language for Internet telephony applications and is based on the XML language. VoiceXML can 'speech-enable' an existing web application to be used through a conversational interface, providing a more natural way of interaction between users and Internet applications.