The Ethics of Electronic Image Manipulation
http://www.stc.org/confproceed/1994/PDFs/PG458.PDF

Adams, Rae and Stephanie S. Babbitt
STC Proceedings
1994

Abstract:

Desktop-publishing software and hardware have become affordable, powerful, and relatively user-friendly. Consequently, with reasonable investments in time and money, communications professionals can now manipulate photographs and create visual images relatively easily in their publications. However such images may be used in ways that are, aside from legal concerns, not ethical. Technical-communications professionals need to be able to recognize manipulated images and to explore the ethical implications of creating or being asked to use such images.