Screen Captures to Support Switching Attention
http://www.ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/47/21669/01003694.pdf
  access restricted (by the publisher) to members/subscribers/customers only
  peer-reviewed

Gellevij, Mark and Hans Van Der Meij
IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication
2002

Abstract:

This study set out to validate the supportive role of screen captures for switching attention. Forty-two participants learned how to work with Microsoft Excel with a paper manual. There were three types of manuals: a textual manual, a visual manual with full-screen captures, and a visual manual with a mixture of partial- and full-screen captures. The findings show that participants in all conditions looked up from the manual to the screen on about 97% of the cases in which such a switch was called for. Rank order analyses showed that users of the visual manuals switched attention significantly more often than did users of the textual manual. No differences were found between conditions on learning effects and training time.